Photography is a profession where knowing a few popular terms goes a long way towards becoming an expert. Here are some important factors worth understanding in the world of photography.
Aperture:
Aperture is a setting on the photographic lens that can be adjusted to control how much light reaches the film or image sensor. Combined with the shutter speed, aperture size regulates the degree of exposure the film or sensor receives. A wide aperture, such as f/4 or f/2.8, creates a shallow depth of field — meaning only a very small area before and beyond the point of focus will appear sharp.
Shutter speed:
Shutter speed, or exposure time, is the length of time the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light. The amount of light reaching the film or sensor is directly proportional to that exposure time. You can adjust shutter speed in two main ways: through “Aperture Priority” mode or “Shutter Priority” mode. In shutter priority mode, you set the shutter speed manually, and the camera automatically selects the appropriate aperture.
ISO:
In digital photography, ISO measures how sensitive the image sensor is to light. The same principle applies to film photography — the lower the number, the less sensitive the camera is to light, and the finer the grain. Higher ISO settings are generally used in darker conditions to allow for faster shutter speeds. If you’re shooting on a tripod, use the lowest ISO setting possible. Using a flash can also help keep the ISO low and your photos free of noise.
These are some of the common photography settings every professional photographer should be familiar with in order to get the best possible results. As a professional photographer, you should know how to adjust ISO, aperture and shutter speed according to the conditions around you.